National Policy and Planning

• Title 51 of the U.S. Code, Ch. 711: Near-Earth Objects
• National Near-Earth Object Preparedness Strategy and Action Plan – April 2023
• NASA Planetary Defense Strategy and Action Plan – April 2023
• NASA Authorization Act of 2022 – August 2022
• National Cislunar Science & Technology Strategy – November 2022
• Report on Near-Earth Object Impact Threat Emergency Protocols – January 2021
• 2020 U.S. National Space Policy – December 2020
• NASA Authorization Act of 2005 (George E. Brown Survey) – December 2005

Studies and Findings on NEO Survey, Characterization, and Mitigation

• NASA's Implementation and Management of Its Planetary Defense Strategy (Office of Inspector General) - June 2025
• Near-Earth Objects Workshops to Assess Reconnaissance for Planetary Defense: Working Groups Final Report – June 2025
• Lessons Learned from Near-Earth Asteroid 2024 YR4 and the International Coordination that Retired the 2032 Earth Impact Risk - May 2025
• Cross-Disciplinary Deep Space Radar Needs Study – July 2023
• A History of the NASA Planetary Astronomy Program: 1958-2022
• Origins, Worlds, and Life: A Decadal Strategy for Planetary Science and Astrobiology 2023-2032 (Planetary Defense Chapter) – April 2022
• Planetary Science with Astrophysical Assets: Defining the Core Capabilities of Platforms - February 2020
• Combined Emerging Capabilities for Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) - July 2019
• Finding Hazardous Asteroids Using Infrared and Visible Wavelength Telescopes – 2019
• NASA Response to NASEM Study Recommendations – September 2019
• Analysis of Alternatives for Near-Earth Object Detection, Tracking and Characterization – November 2018
• Update to Determine the Feasibility of Enhancing the Search and Characterization of NEOs (NEO SDT Report) 
– September 2017
• A Joint White Paper Summarizing Results from Independent Simulations of LSST’s NEO Discovery
Performance – March 2017
• NASA’s Efforts to Identify Near-Earth Objects and Mitigate Hazards (Office of Inspector General) 
– September 2014
• Defending Planet Earth: Near-Earth Object Surveys and Hazard Mitigation Strategies – 2011
• Report of the NASA Advisory Committee Ad Hoc Task Force on Planetary Defense – October 2010
• Report from NASA to Congress on NEO Survey and Deflection Options – March 2007
• A Study to Determine the Feasibility of Extending the Search for Near-Earth Objects to Smaller Limiting
Diameters (NEO SDT Report) – August 2003
• See also Small Bodies Assessment Group (SBAG)

Impact Emergency Response Coordination and Exercises

• Planetary Impact Emergency Response Working Group (PIERWG) Charter – August 2015
• Hypothetical Asteroid Impact Tabletop Exercises

International Coordination

• International Asteroid Warning Network
• Space Mission Planning Advisory Group
• United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs – Near-Earth Objects

Background Resources

• SPACECAST 2020 twenty-nine years on: The legacy of a 1994 Air Force white paper seen through
contemporary American planetary defense
• A History of the NASA Planetary Astronomy Program: 1958-2022
• A History of Near-Earth Objects Research

Policy History

• OSTP Letter to Senate on NEOs – October 2010
• U.S. National Space Policy – June 2010