On May 7 and May 14, 2021, winter ice still covered most of Lake Winnipeg and the smaller lakes nearby, and walleye were starting to show up on fishing hooks. By May 19, most of the ice was gone, temperatures hovered between 30° and 33° Celsius (86° to 91° Fahrenheit), and the parched landscape was blanketed with smoke and fire. It seemed like Canada’s Manitoba Province had jumped right from winter to summer.
On May 18, 2021, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Aqua satellite acquired this natural-color image of smoke billowing from several intense wildfires west and southwest of Lake Winnipeg. Strong westerly winds drove the plumes across Hudson Bay and the Canadian interior as far as Quebec. Other fires (not shown) burned to the west in Saskatchewan and to the east in Ontario. Researchers examining NOAA GOES satellite images detected hints of pyrocumulus “fire cloud” formation south of Lake Winnipeg.
Much of southern Manitoba and Saskatchewan had abnormally dry autumn, winter, and spring weather, so much of the region is now in severe to extreme drought. John Pomeroy, a water resources researcher at the University of Saskatchewan, told CBC News that soil moisture is about 40 percent of normal. The western United States and much of Mexico are enduring similar conditions.
Following a record-breaking spring heatwave and several days of gusty winds, Environment Canada declared fire danger to be “extremely high” in southern and central Manitoba. Provincial and regional governments have banned campfires in parks and closed many hiking and biking trails. Leaders of the Misipawstik Cree and Lake St. Martin First Nations encouraged residents to evacuate some areas due to encroaching fires, and several homes were destroyed. Parts of highways 5, 6, and 307 in Manitoba were shut down due to smoke.
References & Resources
- CBC (2021, May 20) Wildires force more First Nations in central Manitoba begin evacuations due to wildfire. Accessed May 20, 2021.
- CBC (2021, May 19) 20 heat records broken in Sask. on Monday, according to preliminary reports. Accessed May 20, 2021.
- CBC (2021, May 15) Extreme drought is threatening part of the Prairies, says Agriculture Canada. Accessed May 19, 2021.
- Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (2021, May 19) Wildfires in southern Canada. Accessed May 19, 2021.
- CTV News Winnipeg (2021, May 19) Monitoring Manitoba Wildfires. Accessed May 19, 2021.
- CTV News Winnipeg (2021, May 19) Fires, smoke prompt highway closures across Manitoba. Accessed May 19, 2021.
- CTV News Winnipeg (2021, May 18) Out-of-control fires in Misipawstik Cree Nation destroys home, forces evacuations. Accessed May 19, 2021.
- CTV News Winnipeg (2021, May 14) Trails closed, campfires banned in southern Manitoba provincial parks due to extreme fire risk. Accessed May 19, 2021.
- Environment Canada (2021, May 19) Public Weather Alerts for Manitoba. Accessed May 19, 2021.
- Government of Canada (2021) Satellite Soil Moisture. Accessed May 20, 2021.
- Government of Canada (2021) Canadian Drought Monitor. Accessed May 20, 2021.
- Manitoba Government (2021, May 19) Fire Bulletin #10. Accessed May 19, 2021.
- The Washington Post (2021, May 20) As record heat scorches western Russia and central Canada, climate alarm bells ring. Accessed May 20, 2021.
NASA Earth Observatory image by Joshua Stevens , using MODIS data from NASA EOSDIS LANCE and GIBS/Worldview . Text by Michael Carlowicz .
