Hundreds if not thousands of people were buried under rubble, and the city of Padang was cut off from the outside world on September 30, 2009, after earthquakes struck southern Sumatra, said news reports. A magnitude 7.6 quake occurred at 5:16 p.m. local time, some 45 kilometers (30 miles) west-northwest of Padang, and a magnitude 5.5 quake struck 22 minutes later, roughly 40 kilometers (25 miles) northwest of Padang, according to the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The Guardian reported that authorities dispatched search teams to the region, and warned that the death toll might reach 1,000.
This image shows the location of the earthquakes (marked by black circles) along Sumatra’s coast. The image also shows the local topography in shades of brown, and the bathymetry of the surrounding sea floor in shades of blue. The black line indicates the boundary between the Australian and Sunda tectonic plates, which lies underneath the deep Sunda Trench.
The quake occurred in the region where the Australian Plate subducts beneath (slides under) the Sunda plate. According to the USGS, the 7.6-magnitude earthquake resulted from a thrust fault at a depth of about 80 kilometers (50 miles). The USGS indicated that the earthquake might have occurred within the subducting Australian Plate rather than along the Australian-Sunda plate boundary.
References & Resources
- Beaumont, P. (2009, September 30). Desperate hunt for the living as Sumatra quake toll mounts. The Guardian. Accessed September 30, 2009.
- United States Geological Survey. (2009, September 30). Magnitude 5.5 – Southern Sumatra, Indonesia and Magnitude 7.6–Southern Sumatra, Indonesia.Accessed September 30, 2009.
NASA image created by Jesse Allen and Robert Simmon, using earthquake and plate tectonics data from the USGS Earthquake Hazard Program, elevation data from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) courtesy of the University of Maryland’s Global Land Cover Facility, and ocean bathymetry data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) ETOPO1 global relief model of Earth’s surface. Caption by Michon Scott.
