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Future Large Gamma-Ray Mission Concepts

FLAG SAG is established to collect and synthesize community input on potential Probe-class and Flagship-class gamma-ray mission concepts that the community wishes to explore in the coming decade.

About FLAG SAG

Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Continues to Evolve Beyond Current Flagship Missions

Future concepts for large observatories focus on bridging the MeV gap, and improving sensitivity, angular resolution, and multi-messenger complementarities.

The Future LArge Gamma-ray mission concepts Science Analysis Group (FLAG SAG) is established to collect and synthesize community input on potential Probe-class and Flagship-class gamma-ray mission concepts that the community wishes to explore in the coming decade. The SAG will focus on concepts motivated by the compelling science questions identified in community reports and white papers including those identified in the FIG SAG Report. These should appeal not only to the gamma-ray community, but also to the broader astrophysics community, recognizing that broad scientific impact is essential for missions operating as community-serving observatories.

FIG SAG about Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Continues to Evolve Beyond Current Flagship Missions
Blazar 3C 279’s historic gamma-ray flare can be seen in this image from the Large Area Telescope (LAT) on NASA’s Fermi satellite. Gamma rays with energies from 100 million to 100 billion electron volts (eV) are shown; for comparison, visible light has energies between 2 and 3 eV. The image spans 150 degrees, is shown in a stereographic projection, and represents an exposure from June 11 at 00:28 UT to June 17 at 08:17 UT.
NASA/DOE/Fermi LAT Collaboration

The primary goal of the FLAG SAG is to develop a coherent framework for comparing and assessing gamma-ray mission architectures. Within this framework, the SAG will:

  1. Solicit and collect technical capabilities and their development status from the community, welcoming concepts at any stage of development, from ideas based on technologies at high readiness levels to concepts requiring substantial technology maturation.
  2. Tabulate and harmonize technical capabilities descriptions, identifying for each:
    • The primary science goals and key science questions addressed;
    • Basic performance metrics (e.g., energy range, sensitivity, angular and energy resolution, field of view, timing capabilities, polarization sensitivity);
    • The anticipated mission scale (Probe, Flagship or other);
    • The current level of technology readiness, and the technology development efforts, including hardware and software, required to mature the concept into a viable mission proposal;
    • Additional considerations relevant for Decadal-level discussion.
  3. Identify common themes, trends, complementarities, and overlaps among mission concepts, including similarities in science goals, measurement approaches, or enabling technologies, and suggest generalized concepts where appropriate in order to clearly define coherent, community-endorsed mission directions.

The scientific motivation for this effort is grounded in the community-defined priorities articulated by the Future Innovations in Gamma rays Science Analysis Group (FIG SAG), including but not limited to nuclear lines to study supernova explosions, pulsar timing arrays to study supermassive black hole mergers, blazar jets and gamma ray bursts to study particle acceleration, and place constraints on WIMP and ALP dark matter candidates. Other science drivers continue to emerge alongside observational and theoretical advances, including the capabilities of gamma-ray missions (such as polarization and high-resolution spectroscopy), to reveal the properties of relativistic plasma processes in extreme environments. Mission concepts considered by the FLAG SAG are expected to connect to these science drivers and to clearly articulate the scientific advances enabled by their proposed capabilities.

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To Stay informed about FLAG SAG activities, be sure to sign up for the GR SIG Email List

To join the list, send an email to GammaSAG-join@lists.nasa.gov with Subject="join"

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SAG Chairs

NameInstitution
Elizabeth HaysNASA / GSFC
Henric KrawczynskiWash U St. Louis

News & Events

Meetings, conferences, seminars, workshops, and other news and events for FLAG SAG

FLAG SAG Meeting, 8 May 2026

FLAG SAG Open Meeting

May 4, 2026
Topic
Future Large Gamma-Ray Mission Concepts Science Analysis Group (FLAG SAG)

The primary goal of the FLAG SAG is to develop a coherent framework for comparing and assessing gamma-ray mission architectures. Within this framework, the SAG will: The scientific motivation for this effort is grounded in the community-defined priorities articulated by…

May 4, 2026
Topic

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This cropped horizontal image has layers of semi-opaque rusty red colored gas and dust that starts at the bottom right and goes toward the top left. There are three prominent pillars rising toward the top left. The left pillar is the largest and widest. The peaks of the second and third pillars are set off in darker shades of brown and have red outlines.