The oceans may be vast, yet they still can grow crowded. Some congested areas have enough ship traffic that the International Maritime Organization (IMO) and other groups maintain traffic separation schemes—the equivalent of highways for ships—to reduce the risk of collisions.
The Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 captured this view of northbound and southbound shipping lanes off the coast of China’s Shandong Peninsula on February 24, 2015. The lanes form one of the main routes from the Yellow Sea into the Bohai Sea and the Chinese ports of Dalian and Tianjin, two of the busiest in the world. As shown by this map, several lanes of traffic intersect northeast of the Shandong Peninsula.
The vessels in this image are most likely cargo ships, though some may be ferries or fishing boats. The ships appear as small gray and white specks. (Click on the image for a closer view.) In the shallow coastal waters, their propellers kick up long, brown sediment plumes. Most of the northbound ships make a turn to the northwest as they round the tip of Shangdong.
According to the IMO, the practice of following predetermined routes for shipping originated in 1898. It was first adopted by shipping companies operating passenger ships across the North Atlantic. Since then, traffic separation schemes have been established in most congested areas, causing the number of ship collisions and groundings to drop dramatically.
But with upwards of 86,000 merchant ships on the world’s sea, accidents still happen. On May 2, 2010, the Bright Century, a cargo ship loaded with 170,000 tons of iron ore, sank after it collided with a freighter about 37 kilometers (23 miles) east of Shandong Peninsula. In December 2012, a fishing boat collided with a cargo ship near the peninsula and sank with 11 fisherman on board.
References & Resources
- China Daily (2000, December 1) New Maritime Safety Rules Take Effect. Accessed March 4, 2015.
- Hu, Z. (2013, January 4) Evaluation Of Large Ships’ Routeing System In The Eastern Waters Of Chengshanjiao. Accessed March 4, 2015.
- International Maritime Organization (2000, December 1) Ships’ routeing. Accessed March 4, 2015.
- Maritime Safety Administration of the People’s Republic of China Ship Routeing and Reporting. Accessed March 3, 2015.
- MOL (2012, December 20) Bulker Bright Century Collides and Sinks off Shandong Peninsula, China. Accessed March 4, 2015.
- Sina English (2012, December 20) 5 dead, 6 missing after fishing boat sank in Bohai Sea. Accessed March 4, 2015.
- Wikipedia Map of the Bohai Sea Seaways Scheme. Accessed March 4, 2015.
NASA Earth Observatory image by Jesse Allen, using Landsat data from the U.S. Geological Survey.
