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Human System Risks
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Background Human exploration of Mars will expose crews to a persistent, fine particulate environment whose physicochemical properties and health implications…
In April 2026, NASA’s Office of the Chief Health and Medical Officer (OCHMO) initiated a working group to review updated…
The HSRB approaches to human system risks is analogous to the approach the engineering profession takes with its Failure Mode…
It is important to protect humans from unintended electrical current flow during spaceflight. The thresholds for contact electrical shock are…
Exposure to the altered gravity in the spaceflight environment may cause physiological changes. One of these changes is the inability…
Safe, breathable air is essential for crew health. Human spaceflight has involved toxicological events ranging in severity from trivial to…
Exposure to altered gravity can cause ocular and brain structural changes to develop during spaceflight; these changes could lead to…
Exposure to microgravity induces bone atrophy/bone loss which increases circulating calcium, impacting the renal stone risk. Risk mitigation strategies including…
Exposure to the microgravity environment causes muscle size, strength, and endurance to decline. Based on ISS data, if crew adhere…
