In early April 2020, satellites observed several wildfires in northern Ukraine around the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone. Hundreds of firefighters and at least eight airborne units were working to extinguish fires in the Denysovets, Kotovsky, and Korogodsky forests.
The natural-color image above shows the fires on April 9, as observed by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Aqua satellite. Forecasts called for winds to blow the plumes of smoke toward the Chernihiv region and the border with Belarus. The image below, also from Aqua, shows the fires on April 8, when smoke spread toward Ukraine’s capital, Kiev, approximately 100 kilometers (60 miles) to the south.
Officials have been fighting fires in the exclusion zone since April 4, 2020. As of April 9, police evacuated residents from the village of Poliske, which is located within the zone.
The soils and forests of the exclusion zone, which spans about 2,600 square kilometers (1,000 square miles), were contaminated in 1986 by radioactive fallout from the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Fires in the exclusion zone are not uncommon, but the severity and intensity of the fires has grown over the years as more forests and grasslands have recovered. Research has also shown that fires in heavily contaminated areas can resuspend radioactive elements in smoke plumes that then get carried across long distances.
On April 5, officials tested the air in Kiev and nearby suburbs for radioactivity, but they did not report finding any man-made contamination. As of April 9, the State Emergency Service of Ukraine reported that background radiation levels continue to be within the normal range around Kiev. Additionally, no spikes in radiation have been reported in Belarus.
References & Resources
- Ager, A. A., et al (2019) The wildfire problem in areas contaminated by the Chernobyl disaster. Science of the Total Environment, 696.
- Belta (2020, April 7) No radiation spikes in Belarus after forest fire in Chernobyl exclusion zone. Accessed April 9, 2020.
- Evangeliou, N. et al (2016) Resuspension and atmospheric transport of radionuclides due to wildfires near the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in 2015: An impact assessment. Nature, 6.
- Kyiv Post (2020, April 9) Police evacuate isolated rural residents from Chornobyl zone. Accessed April 9, 2020.
- State Emergency Service of Ukraine (2020, April 9) On-line information on the elimination of forest fires in the Exclusion Zone. Accessed April 9, 2020.
- State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety of the State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine (2020, April 9) Fires in Chornobyl Exclusion Zone Continue. Accessed April 9, 2020.
- State Scientific and Technical Center for Nuclear and Radiation Safety of the State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine (2020, April 7) Prompt Message on Radiological Situation in Kyiv and Suburbs. Accessed April 9, 2020.
NASA Earth Observatory images by Lauren Dauphin, using MODIS data from NASA EOSDIS/LANCE and GIBS/Worldview. Story by Kasha Patel.
