Here are the major missions launched to the Moon. In addition to these missions, there have been CubeSats, small satellites that tend to launch as additional payloads with larger spacecraft.
Key to tables: All times are in UTC. Unless otherwise indicated, missions were launched by the space agencies of the indicated nation's government.
1950s: Dawn of the Space Age
NASA
Name | Nation | Launch | Arrival | Type | Outcome |
USA | Aug. 17, 1958 | N/A | Orbiter | Unsuccessful | |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | Sept. 23, 1958 | N/A | Impact | Unsuccessful |
USA | Oct. 11, 1958 | N/A | Orbiter | Unsuccessful | |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | Oct. 11, 1958 | N/A | Impact | Unsuccessful |
USA | Nov. 8, 1958 | N/A | Orbiter | Unsuccessful | |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | Dec. 4, 1958 | N/A | Impact | Unsuccessful |
USA | Dec. 7, 1958 | N/A | Flyby | Unsuccessful | |
Luna 1 | USSR | Jan. 2, 1959 | Jan. 4, 1959 | Impact | Partial Success; first Moon flyby |
USA | March 3, 1959 | Mar. 4., 1959 | Flyby | Partial Success | |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | June 18, 1959 | N/A | Impact | Unsuccessful |
Luna 2 | USSR | Sept. 12, 1959 | Sept. 13, 1959 | Impact | Successful; first spacecraft to impact the Moon's surface |
Pioneer P-1 | USA | Sept. 24, 1959 | N/A | Orbiter | Unsuccessful |
Luna 3 | USSR | Oct. 4, 1959 | Oct. 6, 1959 | Flyby | Successful; first pictures of the lunar farside. |
USA | Nov. 26, 1959 | N/A | Orbiter | Unsuccessful |
1960s: Race to the Moon
NASA
Name | Nation | Launch | Arrival | Type | Outcome |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | April 15, 1960 | N/A | Flyby | Unsuccessful |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | April 16, 1960 | N/A | Flyby | Unsuccessful |
USA | Sep. 25, 1960 | N/A | Orbiter | Unsuccessful | |
USA | Dec. 15. 1960 | N/A | Orbiter | Unsuccessful | |
Ranger 3 | USA | Jan. 26, 1962 | N/A | Impact | Unsuccessful |
Ranger 4 | USA | April 26, 1962 | N/A | Impact | Unsuccessful |
Ranger 5 | USA | Oct. 21, 1962 | N/A | Impact | Unsuccessful |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | Jan. 4, 1963 | N/A | Lander | Unsuccessful |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | Feb. 3, 1963 | N/A | Lander | Unsuccessful |
Luna 4 | USSR | April 2, 1963 | April 6, 1963 | Lander | Unsuccessful; flew past Moon. |
Ranger 6 | USA | Jan. 30, 1964 | Feb. 2, 1965 | Impact | Unsuccessful |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | March 21, 1964 | N/A | Lander | Unsuccessful |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | April 20, 1964 | N/A | Lander | Unsuccessful |
Ranger 7 | USA | July 28, 1964 | July 31, 1964 | Impact | Successful; first U.S. close-up pictures of the Moon |
Ranger 8 | USA | Feb. 17, 1965 | Feb. 20, 1965 | Impact | Successful |
Kosmos 60 | USSR | March 12, 1965 | N/A | Lander | Unsuccessful |
Ranger 9 | USA | March 21, 1965 | March 24, 1965 | Impact | Successful |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | April 10, 1965 | N/A | Lander | Unsuccessful |
Luna 5 | USSR | May 9, 1965 | May 12, 1965 | Lander | Unsuccessful; impacted Moon |
Luna 6 | USSR | June 8, 1965 | June 11, 1965 | Lander | Unsuccessful; flyby |
Zond 3 | USSR | July 18, 1965 | July 20, 1965 | Flyby | Successful |
Luna 7 | USSR | Oct. 4, 1965 | Oct. 7, 1965 | Lander | Unsuccessful; impacted Moon |
Luna 8 | USSR | Dec. 3, 1965 | Dec. 6, 1965 | Lander | Unsuccessful; impacted Moon |
Luna 9 | USSR | Jan. 31, 1966 | Feb. 3, 1966 | Lander | Successful; first lunar soft landing and first picture from the lunar surface |
Kosmos 111 | USSR | March 1, 1966 | N/A | Orbiter | Unsuccessful |
Luna 10 | USSR | March 31, 1966 | April 3, 1966 | Orbiter | Successful; first lunar orbiter |
Surveyor 1 | USA | May 30, 1966 | June 2, 1966 | Lander | Successful; first U.S. Moon landing and first U.S. photo from the lunar surface. |
USA | Aug. 10, 1966 | Aug. 14, 1966 | Orbiter | Successful | |
Luna 11 | USSR | Aug. 24, 1966 | Aug. 27, 1966 | Orbiter | Successful |
Surveyor 2 | USA | Sept. 20, 1966 | Sept. 23, 1966 | Lander | Unsuccessful; impacted Moon |
Luna 12 | USSR | Oct. 22, 1966 | Oct. 25, 1966 | Orbiter | Successful |
USA | Nov. 6, 1966 | Nov. 10, 1966 | Orbiter | Successful | |
Luna 13 | USSR | Dec. 21, 1966 | Dec. 24, 1966 | Lander | Successful |
USA | Feb. 5, 1967 | Feb. 8, 1967 | Orbiter | Partial success; camera failure | |
Surveyor 3 | USA | April 17, 1967 | April 20, 1967 | Lander | Successful; visited on the Moon by Apollo 12 crew. |
USA | May 4, 1967 | May 8, 1967 | Orbiter | Partial success; camera failure | |
Surveyor 4 | USA | July 14, 1967 | July 17, 1967 | Lander | Unsuccessful |
USA | Aug. 1, 1967 | Aug. 5, 1967 | Orbiter | Successful | |
Surveyor 5 | USA | Sept. 8, 1967 | Sept. 11, 1967 | Lander | Successful |
Surveyor 6 | USA | Nov. 7, 1967 | Nov. 10, 1967 | Lander | Successful |
Surveyor 7 | USA | Jan. 7, 1968 | Jan. 10, 1968 | Lander | Successful |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | Feb. 7, 1968 | N/A | Lander | Unsuccessful |
Luna 14 | USSR | April 7, 1968 | April 10, 1968 | Orbiter | Successful |
Zond 5 | USSR | Sept. 15, 1968 | Sept. 18, 1968 | Flyby | Successful; first living creatures to fly past the Moon |
Zond 6 | USSR | Nov. 10, 1968 | Nov. 14, 1968 | Flyby | Partial success; animal cargo lost on landing. |
USA | Dec. 21, 1968 | Dec. 24, 1968 | Orbiter | Success; first humans to orbit the Moon | |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | Feb. 19, 1969 | N/A | Rover | Unsuccessful; first attempted Moon rover |
USA | May 18, 1969 | May 21, 1969 | Orbiter | Successful; lander test in lunar orbit | |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | June 14, 1969 | N/A | Sample Return | Unsuccessful |
Luna 15 | USSR | July 13, 1969 | July 18, 1969 | Orbiter/Sample Return | Partial success; orbiter successful, sample return crashed on the Moon |
USA | July 16, 1969 | July 20, 1969 | Orbiter/Sample Return | Successful; first humans to land on the Moon | |
Zond 7 | USSR | Aug. 7, 1969 | Aug. 11, 1969 | Flyby | Successful |
Kosmos 300 | USSR | Sept. 23, 1969 | N/A | Sample Return | Unsuccessful |
Kosmos 305 | USSR | Oct. 22, 1969 | N/A | Sample Return | Unsuccessful |
USA | Nov. 14, 1969 | Nov. 17,1969 | Orbiter/Sample Return |
1970s: Sampling the Moon
NASA
Name | Nation | Launch | Arrival | Type | Outcome |
USA | 4/11/1970 | 4/15/1970 | Orbiter/Sample Return | Unsuccessful; crew returned safely to Earth. | |
Unnamed Luna | USSR | 2/6/1970 | N/A | Sample Return | Unsuccessful |
Luna 16 | USSR | 9/12/1970 | 9/20/1970 | Sample Return | Successful; first robotic sample return from beyond Earth. |
Zond 8 | USSR | 10/20/1970 | 10/24/1970 | Flyby | Successful |
Luna 17 | USSR | 11/10/1970 | 11/17/1970 | Lander | Successful; delivered Lunokhod 1 rover to the surface of the Moon |
Lunokhod 1 | USSR | 11/10/1970 | 11/17/1970 | Rover | Successful; first robotic rover to explore the surface of a world beyond Earth |
USA | 1/31/1971 | 2/4/1971 | Orbiter/Sample Return | Successful | |
USA | 7/26/1971 | 7/29/1971 | Orbiter/Sample Return | Successful | |
USA | 7/26/1971 | 8/4/1971 | Orbiter | Successful; deployed in lunar orbit by Apollo 15 crew | |
Luna 18 | USSR | 9/2/1971 | 9/11/1971 | Sample Return | Unsuccessful |
Luna 19 | USSR | 9/28/1971 | 10/3/1971 | Orbiter | Successful |
Luna 20 | USSR | 2/14/1972 | 2/21/1972 | Orbiter/Sample Return | Successful |
USA | 4/16/1972 | 4/19/1972 | Orbiter/Sample Return | Successful | |
USA | 4/16/1972 | 4/24/1972 | Orbiter | Partial Success; orbit decayed prematurely | |
USA | 12/7/1972 | 12/10/1972 | Orbiter/Sample Return | Successful; first scientist on the Moon and final Apollo mission | |
Luna 21 | USSR | 1/8/1973 | 1/15/1973 | Orbiter | Successful; delivered Lunokhod 2 rover to the surface of the Moon |
Lunokhod 2 | USSR | 1/8/1973 | 1/15/1973 | Rover | Successful; longest-lived rover on the Moon, drove 24 miles (39 kilometers) |
Luna 22 | USSR | 5/29/1974 | 6/2/1974 | Orbiter | Successful |
Luna 23 | USSR | 10/28/1974 | 11/6/1974 | Sample Return | Partial Success |
Luna 24 | USSR | 8/9/1976 | 8/18/1976 | Sample Return | Successful |
1980s: Quiet Moon
No lunar missions were launched in this decade.
1990s: Robots Return
NASA/JPL/USGS
Name | Nation | Launch | Arrival | Type | Outcome |
Hiten | Japan | 1/24/1990 | 3/19/1990 | Orbiter/Impact | Successful; first Japanese Moon mission |
USA | 1/25/1994 | 2/19/1994 | Orbiter | Successful | |
USA | 1/7/1998 | 1//11/1998 | Orbiter/Impact | Successful |
2000s: International Moon
NASA/GSFC/ASU
Name | Nation | Launch | Arrival | Type | Outcome |
SMART-1 | Europe | 9/27/2003 | 11/15/2004 | Orbiter/Impact | Successful; first European Moon mission |
SELENE (Kaguya) | Japan | 9/14/2007 | 10/3/2007 | Orbiter/Impact | Successful |
Chang'e 1 | China | 10/24/2007 | 11/5/2007 | Orbiter/impactor | Successful; first Chinese Moon mission |
Chandrayaan-1 | India | 10/22/2008 | 11/12/2008 | Orbiter | Successful |
USA | 6/18/2009 | 6/23/2009 | Orbiter | (Active Mission) Successful; extended mission in progress | |
USA | 6/18/2009 | 10/9/2009 | Impact | Successful; impact of LRO upper stages |
2010s: Delving Deeper
NASA/JPL-Caltech/MIT/GSFC
Name | Nation | Launch | Arrival | Type | Outcome |
Chang'e 2 | China | 10/1/2010 | 10/5/2010 | Orbiter | Successful |
USA | 2010 | 2011 | Orbiters | (Active Mission) Successful; twin spacecraft on an extended lunar mission after successful Earth observations | |
USA | 9/10/2011 | 1/1/2012 | Orbiters | Successful; twin spacecraft | |
USA | 9/7/2013 | 10/6/2013 | Orbiter | Successful | |
Chang'e 3 | China | 12/6/2013 | 12/14/2013 | Lander | (Active Mission) Successful; delivered Yutu rover to lunar surface |
Yutu | China | 12/6/2013 | 12/14/2013 | Rover | Successful; first non-Soviet rover on the Moon |
Chang'e 5-Test Vehicle | China | 10/23/2014 | 10/27/2014 | Flyby | Successful |
Queqiao | China | 5/20/2018 | Orbiter | Successful; lunar relay satellite | |
Chang'e 4 and Yutu 2 | China | 12/7/2018 | 01/03/2019 | Lander, Rover | Successful; first lunar farside landing |
Israel (SpaceIL & Israel Aerospace Industries) | 2/22/2019 | 4/11/2019 | Lander | Unsuccessful; first lunar landing attempt by a private company | |
Chandrayaan-2 | India | 7/22/2019 | N/A | Orbiter | Successful |
2020s: Back to the Surface
NASA/Aubrey Gemignani
Name | Nation | Launch | Arrival | Type | Results |
Chang'e 5 | China | 11/23/2020 | 12/1/2020 | Sample Return | Successful |
Danuri (Korean Pathfinder Lunar Orbiter) | South Korea | 8/04/2022 | 12/16/2022 | Orbiter | Successful |
USA | 11/16/2022 | 11/21/2022 | Flyby | Successful; first flight test of the Space Launch System rocket and the Orion capsule | |
Hakuto-R Mission 1 | Japan (ispace) | 12/11/2022 | 3/21/2023 | Lander | Unsuccessful |
Emirates Lunar Mission | United Arab Emirates | 12/11/2022 | 3/21/2023 | Rover | Unsuccessful |
Chandrayaan-3 | India | 07/14/2023 | 08/23/2023 | Lander and Rover | Successful; First spacecraft to soft land near the lunar South Pole. |
Luna 25 | Russia | 08/10/2023 | 08/19/2023 | Lander | Unsuccessful |
SLIM | Japan | 09/06/2023 | 12/25/2023 | Lander and Rover | Soft landing, but with limited use of solar panels. |
Peregrine Mission 1 | USA (Astrobotic) | 01/08/2024 | N/A | Lander | Unsuccessful; First launch under NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services program |
IM-1 | USA (Intuitive Machines) | 02/15/2024 | 02/22/2024 | Lander | First commercial soft lunar landing. The lander tipped over interfering with communications. |
Chang'e 6 | China | 05/03/2024 | 06/01/2024 | Sample Return Mission | Successful. First sample return from the lunar far side. |
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