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A Panoramic View of the Sky
A narrow slice of sky near the Big Dipper yielded a goldmine of at least 50,000 galaxies, which were spied by NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. The Hubble view is yielding new clues about the universe's youth, from its "pre-teen" years to young adulthood.
The image at left, taken by Akira Fujii with a backyard telescope, shows the location of the Hubble observations near the Big Dipper. The long, narrow image in the center is Hubble's panoramic view of the area, made by assembling 500 photographs taken over a one-year period. The 50,000 galaxies spied in the image are scattered across a region that is equivalent to the apparent diameter of two full Moons. The dimensions of the final mosaic are 21 images long by 3 images tall.
The image at right is a section of the panoramic photo.
A wide diversity of galaxies can be seen throughout both Hubble images. Some are beautiful spirals or massive elliptical galaxies like those seen in the nearby universe, but others look like random assemblages of material, the leftovers from violent mergers of young galaxies. These resemble some of the most distant, youngest galaxies observed.
The Hubble observation, made with the Advanced Camera for Surveys, is part of the All-wavelength Extended Groth Strip International Survey, a collaborative effort using major ground-based and space-based telescopes to focus on a narrow swath of sky near the Big Dipper. The region offers a clear view of the distant universe.
Astronomers studying the Groth Strip find that star formation is largely driven by the supply of raw materials, such as gas and dust, collapsing under the force of gravity. More massive galaxies form stars early, whereas the smaller galaxies create their stars over longer timescales. Both normal-looking, undisturbed galaxies and those showing signs of catastrophic collisions were forming an abundance of stars 8 billion years ago. This evidence suggests that violent galaxy mergers were not required for rapid star formation.
The Groth Strip is an extension of an original survey of part of the same region executed in 1994 by Princeton University astronomer Edward J. Groth, who created a mosaic of 28 overlapping fields with the Hubble Wide Field Planetary Camera 2.
The Hubble Advanced Camera for Surveys images were taken from June 2004 to March 2005.
About the Object
- R.A. PositionR.A. PositionRight ascension – analogous to longitude – is one component of an object's position.14h 16m 59.99s
- Dec. PositionDec. PositionDeclination – analogous to latitude – is one component of an object's position.52° 30' 0.0"
- ConstellationConstellationOne of 88 recognized regions of the celestial sphere in which the object appears.Ursa Major
About the Data
- Data DescriptionData DescriptionProposal: A description of the observations, their scientific justification, and the links to the data available in the science archive.
Science Team: The astronomers who planned the observations and analyzed the data. "PI" refers to the Principal Investigator.The Hubble image was created from HST data from proposal 10134: M. Davis (University of California, Berkeley), M. Ashby (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics), T. Small (California Institute of Technology), P. Guhathakurta (University of California, Santa Cruz), L. Simard (Dominion Astrophysical Observatory), K. Noeske (University of California, Santa Cruz), S. Kwok, J. Mader, and P. Amico (California Association for Research in Astronomy (CARA)), A. Koekemoer and R. Somerville (STScI), S. Faber (University of California, Santa Cruz), J. Newman (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory), D. Koo (University of California, Santa Cruz), S. White, G. Kauffmann, and V. Springel (Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Garching), M. Cooper (University of California, Berkeley), A. Metevier and B. Weiner (University of California, Santa Cruz), and K. Bundy (California Institute of Technology). - InstrumentInstrumentThe science instrument used to produce the data.HST>ACS/WFC (AEGIS)
- Exposure DatesExposure DatesThe date(s) that the telescope made its observations and the total exposure time.June 2004 to March 2005 (HST-AEGIS)
- FiltersFiltersThe camera filters that were used in the science observations.HST: F606W (V) and F814W (I)
- Object NameObject NameA name or catalog number that astronomers use to identify an astronomical object.Extended Groth Strip (EGS)
- Object DescriptionObject DescriptionThe type of astronomical object.Optical Survey
- Release DateMarch 6, 2007
- Science ReleaseHubble Pans Across Heavens to Harvest 50,000 Evolving Galaxies
- Credit
The AEGIS images are a composite of many separate exposures made by the WFPC2 instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope using two different filters to sample broad wavelength ranges. The color results from assigning different hues (colors) to each monochromatic image. In this case, the assigned colors are: Blue: F606W (V) Green: F606W (V) + F814W (I) Red: F814W (I)
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Claire Andreoli
NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center
Greenbelt, Maryland
claire.andreoli@nasa.gov
