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AI/ML STIG Lecture Series

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Science and Technology Interest Group (AI/ML STIG)

AI/ML STIG about AI/ML STIG Lecture Series

Location

Virtual

Dates

23 March 2026
4:00pm ET

Community

AI/ML STIG

Type

Seminar

Diffusion Models

Speaker

Duo Xu, U. of Toronto

An introduction to denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) for astronomy, covering the mathematical foundations of forward and reverse diffusion processes, conditional generation of synthetic galaxy images, and image-to-image translation for data restoration.

Topics Covered

  • Motivation: from data-starved to data-dominated astronomy
  • Generative model landscape: VAEs, GANs, normalizing flows, diffusion, flow matching, and score-based models
  • Forward and reverse diffusion processes
  • Conditional DDPMs for synthetic galaxy generation
  • Image-to-image translation for astronomical data restoration
Session Recording

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Angled from the upper left corner to the lower right corner is a cone-shaped orange-red cloud known as Herbig-Haro 49/50. This feature takes up about three-fourths of the length of this angle. The upper left end of this feature has a translucent, rounded end. The conical feature widens slightly from the rounded end at the upper right down to the lower right. Along the cone there are additional rounded edges, like edges of a wave, and intricate foamy-like details, as well as a clearer view of the black background of space. In the upper left, overlapping with the rounded end of Herbig-Haro 49/50, is a background spiral galaxy with a concentrated blue center that fades outward to blend with red spiral arms. The background of space is speckled with some white stars and smaller, more numerous, fainter white galaxies throughout.